{"id":16176,"date":"2020-10-15T10:00:25","date_gmt":"2020-10-15T14:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/?p=16176"},"modified":"2023-05-08T10:17:07","modified_gmt":"2023-05-08T14:17:07","slug":"dog-seizures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/dog-seizures\/","title":{"rendered":"How to treat seizures in dogs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seeing your beloved dog experience a seizure can be upsetting. One minute, your pup is playing with a toy. The next, your pooch becomes confused, limp, or flops on the floor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cSeizures are the most common neurological reason a dog is taken to the veterinarian,\u201d says <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sheila Carrera-Justiz, DVM, a d<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">iplomate of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and a clinical associate professor and service chief of neurology at the University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Causes of seizures in dogs<\/span><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although seizures are common, their causes can be as individual as the dog breeds themselves, according to Christine Toedebusch, DVM, Ph.D., a diplomate of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine and an assistant professor in the department of surgical and radiological sciences at the School of Veterinary Medicine at the University of California, Davis. Causes of seizures in dogs include:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Epilepsy (idiopathic or primary), an inherited condition in dogs<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Low blood sugar<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Severe anemia<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Liver disease<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kidney failure<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ingesting poisons or toxins<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diabetes<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brain tumors<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These causes are grouped into three main categories<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Primary<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Secondary\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reactive<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dogs with primary seizures may begin showing symptoms between six months and three years of age. Primary causes include epilepsy. Secondary seizures are the result of a tumor or stroke. Reactive seizures are caused by a metabolic problem such as low blood sugar or a toxic substance that your dog has ingested. Older dogs that develop their first seizure later in life may be experiencing a reactive or secondary seizure.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some dog breeds are genetically predisposed to having seizures, Dr. Toedebusch says. Although any dog breed might have a seizure at some point in their life, the following dog breeds are genetically prone to seizures:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Beagles<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Labrador retrievers<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bernese mountain dogs<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vizslas<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">German Shepherds<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rhodesian Ridgebacks<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What seizures look like in dogs<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What your dog experiences during a seizure depends on the type of seizure: generalized (also known as grand mal or tonic clonic seizures) or focal seizures.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Generalized seizures<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dr. Carrera-Justiz says the classic symptoms of a generalized seizure are:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Collapsing<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Becoming rigid in all four legs<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Paddling or moving their legs like they are running<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Excessive drooling<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Urination<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Defecation.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite having their eyes open, these dogs are generally not conscious.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Focal seizures<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Focal seizures only affect one part of your dog\u2019s brain, and usually show up in only one part of the body. Symptoms can be:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Motor movements, like facial twitches<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chewing motions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Paddling of a foot<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Change in behavior<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pupil dilation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vomiting<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Drooling<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your dog may be awake and aware during a focal seizure.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although seizures generally last 30 seconds to two minutes, Dr. Carrera-Justiz says that dogs may have a period of minutes to hours afterward where they are not quite themselves as the brain recovers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When to see a vet about seizures<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cOne of the best things to do if your dog is having a weird episode is to record it on your phone so that you can show the video to your veterinarian,\u201d Dr. Carerra-Justiz says.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although a single seizure episode in your dog is not generally life-threatening, Dr. Carrera-Justiz says multiple seizures close together, known as a cluster, or a very prolonged seizure, known as status epilepticus, can definitely be life-threatening.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cCases of cluster seizures and status epilepticus are considered emergencies and we do treat those dogs differently,\u201d she explains. \u201cIf a dog is known to have cluster seizures, we can sometimes send owners home with certain medications to use short term to help reduce the number of seizures in a cluster.\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dr. Toedebusch agrees noting that if a dog has two or more seizures within a 24-hour period, they should be taken to an emergency vet clinic for treatment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cA grand mal seizure, that lasts two minutes or more, where a dog loses consciousness and has violent muscle contractions, definitely warrants a visit to the emergency vet,\u201d Dr. Toedebusch says.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Treating seizures in dogs\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the veterinarian\u2019s office, your dog will be given a physical exam and the vet will ask about the frequency of seizure activity,\u00a0 number and duration of seizures, and whether anything seemed to trigger them. This may be followed by a blood test that might indicate an infection, signs of a toxin ingestion, or a metabolic abnormality. Based on these results your vet may recommend further imaging like an MRI, a consultation with a neurologist or hospitalization to treat an underlying cause.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cCertain drugs (including ibuprofen and amphetamines) and toxins (xylitol, caffeine, dark chocolate) can trigger a seizure in a healthy dog,\u201d Dr. Careera-Justiz says. \u201cIf a dog has a seizure disorder, it is possible that certain things can be a trigger such as extreme stress (an owner leaving on a trip) or particular sounds like a doorbell.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If your dog is actively having a seizure at presentation to the vet visit, he may be given a short acting injection of Diazepam or Midazolam to stop the seizure activity. If this is not his first seizure, your vet may then discuss long-term anticonvulsant medications with you.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While there are many different anti-seizure drugs available for use in dogs, Dr. Carerra-Justiz says that each drug has different pros and cons and there is no one medication that is best. Your dog\u2019s veterinarian can discuss which one would be recommended for your dog based on his medical conditions, lifestyle, and seizure history.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<table class=\" singlecare-table\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong><span class=\"title\">Common anticonvulsant medications prescribed to dogs <\/span><\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"header-row\">\n<td><b>Drug name<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>SingleCare savings<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Phenobarbital<\/span><\/td>\n<td><a class=\"cta-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/phenobarbital\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Get coupon<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Potassium bromide<\/span><\/td>\n<td><a class=\"cta-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/potassium-bromide\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Get coupon<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Levetiracetam<\/span><\/td>\n<td><a class=\"cta-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/levetiracetam\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Get coupon<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zonisamide<\/span><\/td>\n<td><a class=\"cta-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/zonisamide\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Get coupon<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><b>RELATED: <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/singlecare-for-pet-prescriptions\/\"><b>Can I use SingleCare to save on pet medication?<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Caring for your dog at home<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If your dog has a seizure, Dr.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Toedebusch recommends <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">not<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> trying to pet or hold your dog.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cYour dog is unaware of their surroundings when they\u2019re having a seizure,\u201d she says. \u201cIt\u2019s important to keep your hands away from their mouth, as they may unintentionally bite you when they\u2019re unconscious.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can clear your dog\u2019s space and make sure the environment is as safe and quiet as possible.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although many home remedies have been purported to help with seizures, Dr. Carerra-Justiz says none have been shown to be effective.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThere are currently ongoing studies at multiple universities evaluating the safety and efficacy of cannabidiol (CBD) and hemp-based neutraceuticals in the management of seizures,\u201d she says.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To date, there is no information on whether <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/cbd-survey\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CBD<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can effectively manage seizures in dogs or what the proper dosage would be.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prognosis of seizures in dogs<\/span><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depending on the cause of your dog\u2019s seizures, Dr. Toedebusch says that many cases, including anemia, low blood sugar, and electrolyte imbalances are treatable. Even dogs that ingest toxic substances can be treated with a prompt call to your vet or the Pet Poison Hotline (1-855-213-6680).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In cases of primary epilepsy, previously known as idiopathic epilepsy, dogs are otherwise healthy and can resume normal activities between seizures.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cDepending on how frequently these dogs have seizures, we treat them with one or a combination of anti-seizure medications.\u00a0 The vast majority of primary epileptic dogs live a normal lifespan with a great quality of life,\u201d Dr. Carerra-Justiz says.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Seeing your beloved dog experience a seizure can be upsetting. One minute, your pup is playing with a toy. The next, your pooch becomes confused, limp, or flops on the floor.\u00a0 \u201cSeizures are the most common neurological reason a dog is taken to the veterinarian,\u201d says Sheila Carrera-Justiz, DVM, a diplomate of the American College [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":94,"featured_media":16008,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7956],"tags":[7969],"coauthors":[10834],"class_list":["post-16176","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pets","tag-dogs","wpautop"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to treat dog seizures<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A dog&#039;s first seizure can be scary but rarely life-threatening. 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Here&#039;s what to do.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@SingleCare\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@SingleCare\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Linda Childers\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/dog-seizures\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/dog-seizures\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mariusz Labedzki\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/232380d21234706e6360acfa9c895934\"},\"headline\":\"How to treat seizures in dogs\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-10-15T14:00:25+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-05-08T14:17:07+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/dog-seizures\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1196,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/dog-seizures\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/Blog_101520_How_to_treat_dog_seizures.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Dogs\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Pets\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/dog-seizures\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/dog-seizures\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/dog-seizures\\\/\",\"name\":\"How to treat dog seizures\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/dog-seizures\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/dog-seizures\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/Blog_101520_How_to_treat_dog_seizures.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-10-15T14:00:25+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-05-08T14:17:07+00:00\",\"description\":\"A dog's first seizure can be scary but rarely life-threatening. 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