{"id":39680,"date":"2021-08-23T09:30:07","date_gmt":"2021-08-23T13:30:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/?p=39680"},"modified":"2022-01-31T16:39:55","modified_gmt":"2022-01-31T21:39:55","slug":"covid-vaccine-for-immunocompromised","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/news\/covid-vaccine-for-immunocompromised\/","title":{"rendered":"Do immunosuppressants affect the COVID vaccine?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><i>CORONAVIRUS UPDATE: As experts learn more about the novel coronavirus, news and information changes. For the latest on the COVID-19 pandemic, please visit the<\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention<\/i><\/a><i>.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The new, highly contagious <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/variants\/variant.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">COVID-19 variants<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, such as the Delta variant, mean that coronavirus infections are on the rise in the U.S. once again\u2014and it\u2019s even more essential to get a COVID vaccine. But what about those with autoimmune conditions? Are the COVID-19 vaccines still recommended for those who are taking immunosuppressant medications?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2021\/05\/210520133846.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One recent study<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> found that nearly 3% of U.S. adults under age 65 take medications that weaken their immune systems and may limit COVID-19 vaccine response. Here\u2019s what you need to know about the COVID vaccine for immunocompromised people.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What does it mean to be immunocompromised?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019re immunocompromised it means that your immune system is not working as well as it should. You may be more vulnerable to infections, including infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Being immunocompromised has several different causes:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Chronic diseases <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">such as cancer, heart disease, diabetes, HIV, and lung disease<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Autoimmune conditions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Transplants<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> such as bone marrow or organ<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Medications <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">such as certain biologics (mainly used for autoimmune diseases)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Treatments<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> such as radiation or chemotherapy for cancer<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Advanced age<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Pregnancy<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The severity falls on a spectrum. If you\u2019re only slightly immunocompromised, you might catch the flu a little more easily. If it\u2019s severe, viruses like the common cold can be life-threatening, and you will be at risk for more rare infections that don\u2019t usually affect people with normal immune systems. Certain causes are temporary, like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/news\/pregnancy-and-covid-vaccine\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pregnancy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or cancer treatment, and the immune system will usually bounce back to normal functioning after a period of time. Being immunocompromised has effects on daily life. You may need to take extra precautions to avoid getting sick, and there\u2019s the potential that it might reduce your body\u2019s response to the COVID-19 vaccine.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>RELATED: <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/news\/chronic-disease-and-covid-19\/\"><b>Are people with chronic diseases more vulnerable to coronavirus?<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Can immunocompromised people get the COVID vaccine?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By and large, because of the heightened risk of developing severe disease from COVID-19 among immunocompromised people, it is recommended that immunosuppressed people receive the vaccine,\u201d <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">says Beth Beatriz, Ph.D., an epidemiologist and public health expert at <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/parentingpod.com\/author\/bbeatriz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">parentingpod.com<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. People with autoimmune conditions, immunocompromising conditions, or people who take immunosuppressive medication or therapies may get any of the COVID-19 vaccines, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/covid-19\/hcp\/faq.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. There are just a few special considerations to keep in mind.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1. Lack of definitive data on safety<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is not enough research to establish the safety and efficacy of the vaccine in immunocompromised people. \u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unfortunately, at this time we do not have definitive data on the vaccine efficacy or specific vaccine safety data for individuals with autoimmune diseases,\u201d says<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Javeed Siddiqui, MD, MPH, the chief medical officer at <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.telemed2u.com\/meet-our-doctors\/javeed-siddiqui\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">TeleMed2U<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Studies are forthcoming, but in the meantime \u201cit is critical for individuals with autoimmune diseases to discuss vaccination efficacy and safety with their medical providers<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,\u201d Dr. Siddiqui advises.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2. The vaccine may be less effective<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In order for an immunization to work, it has to elicit a response from your immune system. For people who are immunocompromised, that response may be reduced\u2014resulting in reduced immunity against COVID-19.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New research is in progress, including <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.upmc.com\/media\/news\/063021-haidar-covics-interim-medrxiv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">one study<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that showed that immunocompromised people had a wide range of antibody responses. For example, only 1 in 5 lung transplant patients had a robust antibody response, but people with well-controlled HIV had a nearly complete antibody response. In other words, the cause of immunosuppression may affect the vaccine\u2019s effectiveness.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It\u2019s now <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-additional-vaccine-dose-certain-immunocompromised\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">recommended<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that immunocompromised people who are already vaccinated receive a booster shot (at least four weeks after their second dose) to help trigger more of an immune response and increase immunity.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do any medicines interact with the COVID vaccine?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIf an individual is taking immunosuppressive medication, that could blunt the response to the vaccinations,\u201d Dr. Siddiqi says. To prevent this effect, the CDC recommends following the same guidance for COVID vaccines as for other vaccinations in immunosuppressed patients: Get the COVID vaccine at least two weeks before starting immunosuppressant medication.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It may also be wise to discuss with your medical provider the possibility of changing the timing of your immunosuppressants around your vaccination to try to increase the efficacy of the vaccine,\u201d Beatriz says. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Certain medications\u2014like those that treat autoimmune conditions\u2014may not be able to be delayed. Others, like a cortisone injection, could possibly be scheduled around a COVID vaccine appointment.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Medications that suppress the immune system<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are many different types of drugs that affect the immune system. For people with autoimmune conditions, your own immune system attacks your body as if it were fighting a bacteria or virus. Medications can help to suppress that reaction. For transplant patients, an immunosuppressant prescription can make it less likely that your body rejects the new organ. Additionally, other, more common medications like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/drug-classes\/corticosteroids\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">corticosteroids<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> reduce immune response while reducing inflammation in the body.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you take any of the following types of medications, have a conversation with your healthcare provider about the COVID-19 vaccine:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Calcineurin inhibitors<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Corticosteroids<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/prednisone\/what-is\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prednisone<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/methylprednisolone\/what-is\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Medrol(methylprednisolone)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Biologics<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/humira\/what-is\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Humira (adalimumab)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/simponi\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Simponi (golimumab)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/cimzia\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cimzia (certolizumab)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/rituxan\/what-is\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rituxan (rituximab)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Orencia (abatacept)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/taltz\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Taltz <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(ixekizumab)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/remicade\/what-is\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Remicade (infliximab)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/cosentyx\/what-is\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cosentyx (secukinumab)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Actemra (tocilizumab)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/stelara\/what-is\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stelara (ustekinumab)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/entyvio\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Entyvio (vedolizumab)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IMDH Inhibitors<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/azathioprine\/what-is\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Azathioprine<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(imuran<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/leflunomide\/what-is\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leflunomide (avara)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Janus kinase inhibitors<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/xeljanz\/what-is\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Xeljanz<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (tofacitinib)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/rinvoq\/what-is\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rinvoq (upadacitinib)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monoclonal antibodies<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Simulect (basiliximab)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zinbryta (daclizumab)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mTOR inhibitors<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/rapamune\/what-is\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rapamune (sirolimus)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Afinitor (everolimus)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, preliminary studies suggest that the type of immunosuppressant medication matters when it comes to its effect on COVID-19 vaccines. \u201cInitial results suggest that the antibody responses to the vaccine\u2014which may impact effectiveness of the vaccine\u2014may vary by the type of immunosuppressant,\u201d Beatriz says. \u201cIn particular, immunosuppressants that work by impacting B-cell function appear to have a lesser antibody response to the vaccine while tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 inhibitors do not seem to impact antibody response to the vaccine.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Additionally, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/33605425\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">according to a recent study<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, there\u2019s no evidence to suggest that corticosteroid injections decrease the efficacy of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Who should not get the COVID vaccine?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/coronavirus\/2019-ncov\/vaccines\/keythingstoknow.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The CDC recommends<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that everyone aged 12 years and older should get a COVID-19 vaccine as soon as possible. \u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are very few contraindications to COVID vaccination,\u201d Dr. Siddiqui says. It\u2019s really only individuals with a history of severe allergic reaction such as anaphylaxis after a previous dose, or to a component of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You may have heard that those taking immunosuppressants are not recommended to take certain vaccines, including the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine,\u201d Beatriz says. \u201cIt is important to note that the reason for that is that these types of vaccines have live virus. None of the COVID-19 vaccines currently approved for use in the United States (Johnson &amp; Johnson, Moderna, Pfizer) contain live virus.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The official <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/covid-19\/clinical-considerations\/covid-19-vaccines-us.html#underlying-conditions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">recommendation from the CDC<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is that the COVID vaccine is safe for immunocompromised people, including people with HIV infection or other immunocompromising conditions, or people who take immunosuppressive medications or therapies. Even though the efficacy is unknown, because immunocompromised people are at higher risk of severe COVID-19, even a blunted response to the vaccine is better than no vaccine.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is much that we are still learning about COVID-19, but we do know that COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective and help to protect the most vulnerable among us\u2014including those who are immunocompromised.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CORONAVIRUS UPDATE: As experts learn more about the novel coronavirus, news and information changes. For the latest on the COVID-19 pandemic, please visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The new, highly contagious COVID-19 variants, such as the Delta variant, mean that coronavirus infections are on the rise in the U.S. once again\u2014and it\u2019s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":85,"featured_media":39584,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4114],"tags":[790,14636,3381],"coauthors":[12545],"class_list":["post-39680","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-chronic-disease","tag-coronavirus","tag-vaccines","wpautop"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>COVID vaccine for immunocompromised people: What we know so far<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Immunocompromised people can get COVID vaccines but talk to a doctor 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