{"id":46280,"date":"2021-11-12T09:30:19","date_gmt":"2021-11-12T14:30:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/?p=46280"},"modified":"2021-11-15T14:51:41","modified_gmt":"2021-11-15T19:51:41","slug":"diabetes-and-exercise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/diabetes-and-exercise\/","title":{"rendered":"What you should know about exercising if you have diabetes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diabetes, or diabetes mellitus, is a chronic health condition in which too much sugar remains in the bloodstream. When we eat, our food is broken down into sugar, or glucose, that is released into the bloodstream, triggering the pancreas to produce a hormone called insulin. Normally, insulin acts to help your body turn that glucose into energy. But when your body either doesn\u2019t make enough insulin or it has become insulin resistant, you can develop diabetes, meaning your body cannot effectively process and use sugar.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although there is no cure for diabetes, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/reverse-diabetes\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">lifestyle changes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can go a long way in managing the disease and boosting your overall well-being. Along with maintaining a healthy body weight and eating a healthy diet, exercise is one of the most effective ways to keep your diabetes in control.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How does exercise affect diabetes?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exercise can improve symptoms of diabetes in a couple ways by helping your body maintain healthy blood glucose control and cholesterol levels.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blood sugar<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Physical activity increases your body\u2019s sensitivity to insulin, allowing your body to convert blood sugar to energy, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/managing\/active.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0 Exercise also serves to control blood sugar levels, thereby decreasing your risk of heart disease as well as the nerve damage that can occur after long periods of elevated blood sugar levels. \u201cIf exercise could be bottled and sold [as a] treatment for diabetes, it would have a glucose-lowering effect that lasts for hours,\u201d says<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/grainfoodsfoundation.org\/experts\/angela-ginn-meadow-rd-ldn-cde\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Angela Ginn-Meadow, RD<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A regular exercise program is of great importance to our overall health. Benefits include physical strength, balanced mood, weight regulation, and blood glucose control, says Minisha Sood, MD, a board-certified endocrinologist at Lenox Hill Hospital. \u201cExercise lowers glucose levels and leads to a better insulin response,\u201d Dr. Sood says. There are some exceptions to this, she says, but generally, controlling your weight through lifestyle modifications such as exercise lowers the risk of complications from diabetes. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.diabetes.org\/diabetes\/complications\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diabetes complications include<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Diabetic ketoacidosis<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (dangerously high levels of ketones in the body)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Skin complications<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (bacterial or fungal infections, skin eruptions and rashes)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Eye complications<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (cataracts, glaucoma, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/diabetic-retinopathy\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">retinopathy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/diabetic-foot-care\/\"><b>Foot complications<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (neuropathy, or nerve damage, circulation issues)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Kidney disease <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/nephrotic-syndrome\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nephropathy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Cardiovascular disease<\/b><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>High blood pressure<\/b><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Stroke<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exercise increases the uptake of blood glucose into the muscle cells, which are the primary disposal site for excess blood sugar, says Barry Sears, Ph.D., a dietary hormone response expert and president of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/inflammationresearchfoundation.org\/about-dr-sears\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inflammation Research Foundation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Exercise stimulates muscle cells to increase sugar intake and utilization, thus decreasing blood sugar levels. Sears adds that exercise can decrease diabetes risk as well as make it easier to manage existing diabetes.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cholesterol<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diabetes tends to lower levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL), the good cholesterol in the body, and raise levels of triglycerides, increasing your risk of heart attack and stroke, states <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.heart.org\/en\/health-topics\/diabetes\/diabetes-complications-and-risks\/cholesterol-abnormalities--diabetes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The American Heart Association<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Exercise can help you to avoid this.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exercise helps to improve symptoms of all four types of diabetes, which are:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Type 1 diabetes <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">patients make up <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/basics\/what-is-type-1-diabetes.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5%-10% <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of people with diabetes. It is thought to be caused by an autoimmune reaction in the body that attacks insulin-producing cells (beta cells) in the pancreas. This type of diabetes is not reversible, but can be managed with a combination of healthy lifestyle choices and insulin injections.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Type 2 diabetes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is the most common, making up <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/basics\/type2.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">over 90%<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of people with diabetes. Type 2 diabetes patients have insulin resistance, meaning their cells don\u2019t respond normally to insulin. As a result, the pancreas goes into overdrive but cannot keep up, and blood sugar levels remain elevated. Obesity is a risk factor, but diabetes can be managed and even reversed with exercise, especially when a healthy, low-cholesterol, low-glycemic diet is adapted (along with weight loss when needed).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Prediabetes <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is a chronic health condition in which blood sugar levels are consistently elevated, but not enough to be classified as Type 2 diabetes. A regular exercise routine can help <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/reversing-prediabetes\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">reverse prediabetes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Gestational diabetes <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is a type of diabetes that develops in pregnancy in women. Though blood sugar levels usually go back to normal after the baby is born, up to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/basics\/gestational.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">50% of women<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with gestational diabetes will develop Type 2 diabetes. Diet and exercise provide important health benefits that prevent this from occurring.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>RELATED: <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/what-are-carbohydrates\/\"><b>What are carbohydrates?<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Is working out with diabetes safe?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Physical activity is recommended for individuals living with all types of diabetes, says Ginn-Meadow, but speak with your doctor for a pre-exercise medical clearance before beginning an exercise program. \u201cThis will provide insight into the types of exercise that are best for you, and give you the green light to get started,\u201d Ginn-Meadow says. \u201cIf you are living with complications from diabetes, there will be some activities that require modification and\/or avoidance. For example, if you have diabetic retinopathy, you may be advised to avoid strength training to prevent further damage.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For people on insulin, precautions must be taken to lessen the risk of hypoglycemia (low blood glucose), says Dr. Sood. \u201cIt\u2019s important for anyone to be well-hydrated prior to exercise but especially for those with diabetes, because dehydration can lead to glucose elevations,\u201d she says. \u201cAerobic activities like brisk walking, running, bicycling and the elliptical are likely to lower blood glucose levels. Activities such as resistance training and weight lifting or high-intensity interval training (HIIT) may temporarily elevate blood glucose levels, which will then fall over the following 24-48 hours to lower levels.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you will be doing performance or competitive exercise, it may be beneficial to work with a sports and fitness dietitian who is also diabetes knowledgeable. Before working out, make sure you eat a balanced meal of complex carbohydrates, proteins, and fats to give you consistent energy.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t<div class=\"singlecare-file-embed\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/111221_Exercise_diabetes.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/111221_Exercise_diabetes_teaser.png\" alt=\"Download Exercise and diabetes 101\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"text\">Exercise and diabetes 101<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/111221_Exercise_diabetes.pdf\" download>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"download-text\">Download<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What\u2019s the best time of day to exercise?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When it comes to diabetes and exercise, the important thing is that you\u2019re doing it, says Ginn-Meadow. \u201cThe best time to exercise is the best time for your lifestyle. There is no perfect time; exercise has benefits from two to 48 hours [afterward],\u201d she says. However, to ensure adequate sleep, it is recommended not to exercise for about two hours before you go to bed.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How much exercise should I get?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe exercise recommendation is 150 minutes of activity per week. So, having 30 minutes of aerobic activity such as walking five days of week would meet the activity target,\u201d Ginn-Meadow explains. The CDC also advises including\u00a0 activities to target all of your major muscle groups (legs, hips, back, abdomen, chest, shoulders, and arms) at least two times per week.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When should I check my blood sugar?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A good rule of thumb when you\u2019re working out with diabetes is to check your blood sugar before, during, and after exercise. If you\u2019re taking a medication such as insulin that is known to cause low blood sugar (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/hypoglycemia-without-diabetes\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">hypoglycemia<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), you should check your blood sugar 30 minutes before exercise, says Dr. Sood, and if you experience symptoms of low blood glucose during exercise, check your blood sugar. It is important to always have a sugar snack with you during exercise in the event that you experience hypoglycemia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Symptoms of hypoglycemia include weakness, dizziness, tiredness, hunger, shaking, heart palpitations, and changes in mood. \u201cHaving a medical ID is important for the prevention and treatment of this emergency,\u201d Dr. Sood recommends. She advises patients to check their blood sugar once again 30-60 minutes post exercise and says that the use of a continuous glucose monitor is very helpful in this regard.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How much exercise is too much for a diabetic?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your body will let you know if you are doing too much, says Ginn-Meadow. Listen to your body, and if you\u2019re experiencing shortness of breath or muscle pain, slow down and take a break, she says. If you begin to feel any of the symptoms of hypoglycemia, stop exercising. Other important warning signs include headache, fatigue, shakiness, muscle cramping, visual changes, or lightheadedness.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Best exercises for diabetes<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.diabetes.org\/healthy-living\/fitness\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The American Diabetes Association<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (ADA) recommends people with all types of diabetes get a minimum of 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise and\/or 90 minutes of vigorous exercise each week. It\u2019s important to incorporate both aerobic and strength training into your exercise routine, says Sears. Aim for three to five days of aerobic activity and two to three days of resistance exercises, says Ginn-Meadow. Ideally, non-exercise activity would include movement throughout the day and avoidance of prolonged sitting, adds Dr. Sood.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to research,<\/span><b> aerobic exercise<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> like walking improves glucose control, enhances insulin sensitivity, and decreases cardiovascular risk factors of diabetes. Although walking isn\u2019t a cure for diabetes, walking after meals is an effective way to lower blood sugar, Dr. Sood says. Examples of aerobic exercise include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Walking<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Using stairs instead of an elevator or escalator<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Swimming<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Biking<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rowing<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dancing<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Skating<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Raking leaves or gardening<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cleaning<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exercise for Type 2 diabetes<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/care.diabetesjournals.org\/content\/29\/8\/1933\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Research<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> shows that resistance training is an effective form of exercise for managing glucose homeostasis in Type 2 diabetes. <\/span><b>Resistance exercise <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">includes:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lifting weights<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Resistance band exercises<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Body weight exercises like lunges and planks<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Balance Training<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yoga\/Tai Chi<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pilates<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exercise for gestational diabetes<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For women with gestational diabetes, walking and yoga are great ways to stay limber, active, and manage blood sugar, recommends Ginn-Meadow. But be sure to consult with a healthcare provider for advice on gestational diabetes management.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIt is recommended that women with gestational diabetes engage in moderate physical activity 20-30 minutes each day,\u201d Dr. Sood says. \u201cThis will depend on one\u2019s level of fitness and <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">conditioning prior to pregnancy<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. If someone was sedentary prior to pregnancy, moderate activity may be brisk walking, [whereas] if someone trained for triathlons, moderate activity would be defined differently.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exercises to avoid<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are no specific exercises to avoid with diabetes, but watch out for symptoms such as dizziness, blurry vision, imbalance, confusion, fast heart rate, and shakiness, which may indicate low blood glucose, says Dr. Sood.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exercise and diabetes medications<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A pre-exercise medical clearance can help you better understand the impact of regular exercise on your diabetes, says Ginn-Meadow. \u201cOften diabetes medication doses can be lowered when adding activity,\u201d she says. \u201cSpeak with your diabetes care team to create an exercise plan to discuss the time, frequency and intensity of exercise as well monitoring guidelines, snack ideas, medication adjustments and when not to exercise.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exercise is safe when on diabetes medications for the most part, says Dr. Sood. \u201cThe non-insulin medications like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/metformin-hcl\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">metformin<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/drug-classes\/glp-1-agonists\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GLP-1 receptor agonist<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/drug-classes\/sglt2-inhibitors\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">SGLT2-inhibitors<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are less likely to be problematic,\u201d she explains. \u201cThere is a group of medicines called sulfonylureas, which cause the body to produce more insulin\u2014these can cause low blood glucose levels and the dose is hard to adjust prior to exercise from day to day,\u201d she says. For people taking <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/drug-classes\/insulins\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">insulin<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, it is important to work with your healthcare provider to plan dosage and scheduling tailored to your exercise program. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Diabetes, or diabetes mellitus, is a chronic health condition in which too much sugar remains in the bloodstream. When we eat, our food is broken down into sugar, or glucose, that is released into the bloodstream, triggering the pancreas to produce a hormone called insulin. Normally, insulin acts to help your body turn that glucose [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":94,"featured_media":45982,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8029],"tags":[10298,12674,8905],"coauthors":[20608],"class_list":["post-46280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health-education","tag-diabetes","tag-exercise","tag-seasonal","franchise-workout-rx","wpautop"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Diabetes and exercise: What\u2019s the best exercise for diabetes?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A mix of aerobic and resistance exercises has been proven to help people with diabetes, but there are some things to consider before working out 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