{"id":47935,"date":"2022-01-12T09:30:33","date_gmt":"2022-01-12T14:30:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/?p=47935"},"modified":"2026-04-20T14:45:25","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T18:45:25","slug":"hyperthyroidism-diet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/hyperthyroidism-diet\/","title":{"rendered":"The best diet for hyperthyroidism"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hyperthyroidism occurs when your thyroid gland, the butterfly-shaped gland near the front of your neck, secretes too much thyroid hormone. Thyroid hormones are responsible for keeping your metabolism in check. When you have an overactive thyroid, you may experience symptoms such as unexplained weight loss, increased appetite, rapid heart rate, frequent bowel movements, and persistent nervousness. These are all signs your metabolism is out of whack.<\/span><\/p>\n

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There are several causes, but the autoimmune condition Graves\u2019 disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. \u201cGraves\u2019 disease is when the immune system makes antibodies that stimulate the thyroid to pour out excess thyroid hormone,\u201d says <\/span>Gillian Goddard, MD<\/span><\/a>, an endocrinologist in New York. Other causes of hyperthyroidism include thyroid nodules or goiter, thyroiditis, excess iodine in the diet, cancer medications, radiation, trauma, and certain medications that are used to treat hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid).<\/span><\/p>\n

If an overactive thyroid gland is untreated, there can be serious health consequences, <\/span>according to the National Institutes of Health<\/span><\/a>. These can include blood clots, stroke, heart failure, and other heart problems, an eye disease called Graves\u2019 ophthalmopathy, thinning bones, osteoporosis, muscle weakness, and menstrual cycle or fertility issues. Luckily, there are treatments that can help\u2014from lifestyle changes to medication.<\/span><\/p>\n

Your healthcare provider may recommend adjustments to your diet as part of your treatment plan. While certain foods are good for thyroid dysregulation, there are also foods to avoid with hyperthyroidism. Here, experts discuss thyroid healing foods and the best diet for hyperthyroidism and Graves\u2019 disease.<\/span><\/p>\n

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What is the best hyperthyroidism diet?<\/span><\/h2>\n

The best diet for hyperthyroidism is a high calorie, nutrient-dense eating plan. \u201cAny diet plan avoiding whole food groups and carbohydrates would not be recommended,\u201d says<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Jamie Feit,<\/span><\/a> MS, a registered dietitian and expert at <\/span>testing.com<\/span><\/a>. \u201cTherefore, I would not recommend keto, paleo, vegan, or plant paradox. DASH and Mediterranean diets might be okay, but the goal of hyperthyroidism is to be on a high calorie diet containing nutrient-dense foods, not a weight loss diet.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Dr. Goddard adds<\/a>: \u201cWhen hyperthyroidism is not yet treated, people tend to have an increase in appetite and lose weight [despite eating more]. But when we bring the thyroid hormone levels back down to normal, people will often regain the weight they lost and more.\u201d In patients where weight gain is a concern, Dr. Goddard recommends a low carbohydrate diet rich in veggies and healthy fats.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

There are a few other considerations around Graves\u2019 disease diets. For example, very high iodine foods like seaweed and kelp could make hyperthyroidism worse.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

7 foods for hyperthyroidism<\/span><\/h2>\n

People with hyperthyroidism should aim for a healthy diet that includes plenty of fruits and vegetables, low-fat dairy products, whole grains, lean protein sources, and unsaturated fats in order to promote thyroid health. \u201cIt is important to consume enough carbohydrates to prevent low blood sugar episodes,\u201d Feit says.<\/span><\/p>\n

When thyroid disease is caused by Graves\u2019 disease, which is an autoimmune disorder, Dr. Goddard says an autoimmune protocol (AIP) diet might be beneficial, though there is insufficient research data to fully recommend the diet. The AIP diet focuses on whole foods and eliminates sugar to avoid spiking blood sugar. The following are included:<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Leafy greens\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Leafy greens such as spinach are an important source of calcium. This can help people with hyperthyroidism because <\/span>excess thyroid hormone production can lead to breakdown of bones and an increased risk of osteoporosis.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

2. Fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids<\/span><\/h3>\n

Fatty fish like salmon are an important source of vitamin D, which helps improve your body\u2019s calcium absorption. This helps to decrease risk of osteoporosis. <\/span>Research<\/span><\/a> indicates that omega-3 fatty acids contribute to improved liver function, which can be negatively impacted by thyroid dysregulation.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. Fermented foods<\/span><\/h3>\n

Foods such as kimchi, kombucha, kefir, and sauerkraut contain probiotics. These help enhance gut health and may help regulate thyroid function. \u201cHow gut health and thyroid health are connected is poorly understood,\u201d Dr. Goddard says. \u201cBut insofar as gut health is also related to inflammation, we think perhaps that is the connection.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

4. Lean meats and liver<\/span><\/h3>\n

These iron rich foods help increase your iron levels. <\/span>Research<\/span><\/a> has linked low levels of iron\u00a0 to hyperthyroidism.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

5. Fresh fruit<\/span><\/h3>\n

Fresh fruit<\/span> can be eaten in moderation, at a maximum of 10-40 grams of fructose per day (one to two pieces of fruit). Apples, avocado, and berries are good options for those with hyperthyroidism following an AIP diet because they are low-glycemic and will not raise blood sugar levels.<\/span><\/p>\n

6. Olive oil<\/span><\/h3>\n

Olive oil can <\/span>reduce inflammation<\/span><\/a> in the body and <\/span>improve thyroid function<\/span><\/a>. \u201cOften hyperthyroidism is autoimmune, and any autoimmune disorder may be triggered because the immune system is responding inappropriately to inflammation,\u201d Dr. Goddard says. \u201cReducing inflammation in general may decrease the autoimmunity.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

RELATED: <\/b>The best diet for inflammation<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

7. Brazil nuts<\/span><\/h3>\n

Selenium <\/span>has been shown<\/span><\/a> to have possible benefits in autoimmune thyroid diseases like Graves\u2019 disease. It is found in brazil nuts in high concentrations; just two to three brazil nuts can provide the recommended 200 mcg of selenium per day.<\/span><\/p>\n

4 foods to avoid with hyperthyroidism<\/span><\/h2>\n

Experts recommend avoiding the following foods if you have hyperthyroidism.<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Seaweed\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Although iodine supplements and consumption may be beneficial to people with hypothyroidism<\/a>, a low-iodine diet is recommended because too much iodine can worsen hyperthyroidism<\/span>. Replacing iodized table salt with Himalayan or sea salt can also help limit iodine consumption.<\/span><\/p>\n

RELATED: <\/b>How to treat iodine deficiency<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

2. Cruciferous vegetables\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Goitrogens, which are substances found in cruciferous vegetables, legumes, and some root vegetables, are thyroid hormone disruptors. They inhibit the thyroid gland to uptake iodine, and <\/span>increase auto-immune thyroid disease<\/span><\/a>. \u201cThey can be problematic if not cooked and not consumed as only part of a healthy diet,\u201d Feit explains.<\/span> For this reason, foods like cauliflower, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, kale, and cabbage are not recommended for hyperthyroidism.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

3. Gluten<\/span><\/h3>\n

There is <\/span>some evidence<\/span><\/a> that gluten can cause inflammation, which damages thyroid health. While more research is required, following a gluten-free diet may help to improve symptoms. That means avoiding foods that contain wheat, barley, malt, and rye.<\/span><\/p>\n

4. Coffee\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Caffeine should be avoided as well, because it is a stimulant and can worsen fast heart rate and heart palpitations, Feit says. It also may <\/span>affect absorption of medication<\/span> to treat hyperthyroidism.<\/span><\/p>\n

Does fasting help hyperthyroidism?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Fasting is absolutely not helpful for hyperthyroidism, says Feit. While it may not cause problems for some people with mild symptoms, <\/span>for others<\/span><\/a> it could lead to dehydration and diarrhea. Instead, a healthy diet with frequent snacks is recommended. Be mindful of what you\u2019re eating, and include complex carbohydrates such as whole grain bread, brown rice, quinoa, barely, and potatoes as opposed to processed foods loaded with calories and sugar at every meal.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSnacks should always be a carbohydrate combined with a fat or protein\u2014for example, carrots and hummus, an apple with nut butter or a whole grain rice cake with avocado,\u201d Feit says. \u201cAt meals, try to fill your plate with 1\/4 protein, 1\/4 fiber-filled carbohydrate, 1\/2 veggies and 1-2 servings of healthy fat.\u201d\u00a0 Eating this way will ensure consumption of all the vitamins and minerals needed to support the thyroid. Choosing healthy carbohydrates can help you feel fuller and avoid weight gain after thyroid issues are treated.<\/span><\/p>\n

Other ways to heal the thyroid<\/span><\/h2>\n

In addition to dietary changes, the following strategies can help improve symptoms for people with hyperthyroid.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lifestyle changes<\/span><\/h3>\n

People with hyperthyroidism have a \u201crevved\u201d up sympathetic nervous system (the flight-or-fight part of the immune system), and this can result in difficulty sleeping, increased heart rate and anxiety, <\/span>Minisha Sood, MD<\/span><\/a>, a board-certified endocrinologist at <\/span>Lenox Hill Hospital<\/span><\/a> in New York City. So, it\u2019s important to embrace calming lifestyle changes. \u201cGet plenty of rest, engage in gentle, restorative exercises and try to reduce your stress levels with relaxation techniques as much as possible,\u201d says Dr. Sood. When it comes to exercise, Dr. Goddard says she sometimes recommends that a patient avoid exercise until symptoms of hyperthyroidism are addressed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Supplements<\/span><\/h3>\n

Supplements including fat soluble vitamins, like <\/span>omega-3 fatty acids<\/span><\/a>, and B vitamins <\/span>are recommended<\/span> for people with hyperthyroidism and Graves\u2019 disease, according to Mount Sinai.<\/span><\/p>\n

Selenium<\/span><\/a> (200 mcg daily) is also sometimes added to a person\u2019s treatment regimen. There is <\/span>some evidence<\/span><\/a> that it can improve thyroid function. Though adequate data is lacking regarding this mineral, says Dr. Sood.<\/span><\/p>\n

Medications<\/span><\/h3>\n

Graves\u2019 disease is treated with\u00a0 two types of medications.\u00a0 \u201cWe often prescribe <\/span>beta blockers<\/span><\/a> to manage high heart rate, tremors and insomnia,\u201d says Dr. Goddard. While these medications help manage symptoms, they do not treat hyperthyroidism. Beta blockers protect the heart from excessive amounts of thyroid, which can result in heart arrhythmias.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe also use antithyroid medications called <\/span>methimazole<\/span><\/a> and <\/span>propylthiouracil<\/span><\/a> (PTU) to block the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid. The goal of these medications is to bring thyroid hormone levels down to a normal level,\u201d Dr. Goddard says. Medication is the fastest way to allow the thyroid to recover because it normalizes thyroid hormone levels. \u201cAbout 40% of patients may see a remission of their Graves’ disease within 18-24 months of treatment with antithyroid medications,\u201d she says.<\/span><\/p>\n

It\u2019s important to note that when taking either of these medications, regular blood test monitoring to measure <\/span>TSH<\/span><\/a>, free T4, and total T3 levels along with liver function and complete blood cell count is imperative, says Dr. Sood. \u201cObtaining serial thyroid blood tests is important while on thyroid medication to 1. adjust the level of medication and 2. to measure the medication’s effectiveness as well as potential side effects,\u201d says Dr. Sood.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Other treatments<\/span><\/h3>\n

Hyperthyroidism can be controlled and in many cases may even go into remission, says Dr. Sood. \u201cRadioactive iodine is a treatment which can permanently normalize thyroid function or possibly even induce the opposite of hyperthyroidism (which is hypothyroidism),\u201d he says<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Thyroidectomy, a thyroid surgery to partially or completely remove the thyroid, is another treatment for hyperthyroidism and Graves\u2019 disease, though it is less common than medication or radioactive iodine treatment.<\/span><\/p>\n

According to Dr. Sood, the best way to heal the thyroid is to get medical attention early, reduce your stress and inflammation with healthy lifestyle changes, and partner with a specialist in endocrinology who can guide you through your treatment options and monitor your progress.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

When to see a doctor<\/span><\/h2>\n

If you\u2019re experiencing confusion, muscle spasms, drastic weight loss, very rapid and\/or irregular heartbeat (i.e. over 150 beats per minute), you should seek medical attention immediately, says Dr. Sood.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

If a patient is taking antithyroid medications, a fever and sore throat are cause for concern, and should be brought to the physician’s attention immediately, says Dr. Goddard. If you\u2019re having symptoms of hyperthyroid, it\u2019s always a good idea to visit your healthcare provider for thyroid testing and diagnosis. The thyroid condition is treatable with lifestyle changes and medication.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hyperthyroidism occurs when your thyroid gland, the butterfly-shaped gland near the front of your neck, secretes too much thyroid hormone. Thyroid hormones are responsible for keeping your metabolism in check. When you have an overactive thyroid, you may experience symptoms such as unexplained weight loss, increased appetite, rapid heart rate, frequent bowel movements, and persistent […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":135,"featured_media":47871,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[553,3896],"coauthors":[20608],"class_list":["post-47935","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wellness","tag-nutrition","tag-thyroid","wpautop"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe best hyperthyroidism diet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A hyperthyroidism diet is low in iodine and high in vitamin D-rich foods. 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