{"id":6171,"date":"2019-10-04T08:00:58","date_gmt":"2019-10-04T12:00:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/?p=6171"},"modified":"2025-09-18T17:27:10","modified_gmt":"2025-09-18T21:27:10","slug":"adult-adhd-medication-treatment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/adult-adhd-medication-treatment\/","title":{"rendered":"Considering an ADHD medication? Your guide to adult ADHD treatment"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cEveryone is a little ADD.\u201d Or so the saying goes. If you\u2019ve ever struggled to stay on task at work or complete projects on time, you may have wondered if that\u2019s true. If you weren\u2019t diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD or ADD) as a child, it can be hard to know when distractibility crosses over from annoying to a symptom of a health problem. A diagnosis of ADHD\u2014and treatment with adult ADHD medication\u2014is crucial to keep functioning when the demands of work or your personal life start to pile up.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What does ADHD look like in adults?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ADHD is not just a childhood and adolescent disorder. According to a study published in the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ajp.psychiatryonline.org\/doi\/pdfplus\/10.1176\/ajp.2007.164.6.942\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">American Journal of Psychiatry<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the worldwide prevalence of adults with ADHD is around 5%. To put that into perspective, according to the Centers for Disease Control, the worldwide prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder is between 1% to 2%.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But what exactly is ADHD? The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/topics\/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd\/index.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National Institute of Mental Healt<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">h<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> describes it as a brain disorder that centers around inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects the brain\u2019s executive function, which results in trouble with disorganization, memory, low self-esteem, ability to concentrate, time management, and attention to detail. Hyperactivity is more commonly seen in children, but adults who fidget or feel internally restless may also have the hyperactive component.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As with many psychiatric disorders, the symptoms of ADHD exist along a spectrum; in the current world of social media and the 24-hour news cycle, everyone has some trouble concentrating. Duane Gordon, president of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/add.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Attention Deficit Disorder Association<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (ADDA), the largest adult ADHD support network in the country, explained the distinction. \u201cIs it negatively affecting the quality of your life in a way you can\u2019t compensate for?\u201d he says. So, for example, if you can\u2019t finish a book because you\u2019re too busy playing video games, Gordon explains that\u2019s really not a big deal. If you need\u2014or want\u2014to read that book for a project at work and no amount of focus or special techniques helps you, that may be a sign of something bigger than the normal distractions. Gordon describes ADHD as \u201ca chronic condition that you have no control over.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>RELATED<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/adhd-facts-myths\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">6 ADHD myths and misconceptions<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Diagnosing adult ADHD<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you suspect you may have ADHD, Gordon highly recommends you pursue a formal diagnosis from a psychologist or other mental health professional. One of the major reasons for this is that many mood disorders (including depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, and sleep apnea) mimic ADHD symptoms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIt\u2019s important to get a proper diagnosis from a clinician outside of your family doctor, because around 80% of people with ADHD have a secondary disorder,\u201d says Russell Barkley, clinical professor of psychiatry at the Virginia Treatment Center for Children and the Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What is the treatment for adults with ADHD?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dr. Russell is also the author of <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/russellbarkley.org\/books.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Taking Charge of Adult ADHD<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When an Adult You Love Has ADHD<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. He says there are five steps in the ADHD treatment protocol he recommends to adults who are trying to determine if they actually have the disorder:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Evaluation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Education<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Medication<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Accommodation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Modification<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to ADDA, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/add.org\/adhd-test\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">at your evaluation appointment<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, your doctor will give you a complete physical and psychiatric assessment, as well as a number of different diagnostic rating scales. The next step is education. Dr. Barkley likens this to diabetes\u2014it\u2019s important to own and learn your ADHD diagnosis because it\u2019s not going away if you ignore it. The third step\u2014ADHD medication\u2014is crucial because there is nothing more effective than ADHD medication for adults, according to Dr. Barkley. \u201cIf we\u2019re doing head-to-head comparisons, then medication will beat any psychosocial intervention by a factor of three,\u201d he says.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What is the best adult ADHD medication?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ADHD medication falls into two categories: stimulants and non-stimulants. Typically, patients are prescribed stimulants because, overall, they are considered the most effective. Non-stimulants are used as second-line therapy, and if there are any prominent tics or significant anxiety, which stimulants can worsen.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Stimulant ADHD medication for adults<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cAs for stimulants,\u201d Dr. Barkley says, \u201cthere are only two and they\u2019ve been around for decades: amphetamines and methylphenidate.\u201d It\u2019s important to note that amphetamines (like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/amphetamine-dextroamphetamine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Adderall<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) and methylphenidate (like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/methylphenidate-hcl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ritalin<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) are classified by the FDA as Schedule 2 drugs, which means they are potentially addictive when taken improperly, but shouldn\u2019t be as long as they\u2019re taken as prescribed. Mood swings, sleeplessness, and weight loss are some possible side effects of stimulant medication.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>RELATED: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/vyvanse-vs-ritalin\/\">Vyvanse vs. Ritalin<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As Dr. Barkley mentioned, these two types of stimulants have been around for decades, but what\u2019s new is their methods of delivery. Previously, stimulants had very short half-lives, requiring patients to take medication every 3\u20134 hours to maintain efficacy. Now, any ADHD stimulant with -XR, -LR, or -SR at the end of its name indicates an extended-release time, allowing the medication to last far longer in the patient\u2019s bloodstream without being broken down too quickly in the body.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is also a medication called <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/concerta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Concerta<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which has a special drug delivery system that allows for the methylphenidate to be released over a 12-hour period. Finally, Daytrana\u2014also containing methylphenidate\u2014can be worn on the skin via a patch. These would typically be prescribed to patients who <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.additudemag.com\/concerta-frequently-asked-questions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">face challenges<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> taking a drug multiple times a day.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Non-stimulant ADHD medication for adults<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The non-stimulant drugs prescribed for ADHD work for about 75% of people, Dr. Barkley says, but they aren\u2019t quite as strong or effective. The difference is that these medications are not addictive at all, and generally better for patients with a history of substance abuse, anxiety disorders, or a tic disorder. The first drug, atomoxetine, also known as <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/strattera\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strattera<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, is prescribed to both children and adults, but according to the FDA label, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2007\/021411s004s012s013s015s021lbl.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the exact reasons for its efficacy are unknown<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The second class of non-stimulants was originally hypertensive medications\u2014for high blood pressure\u2014that were discovered to have psychoactive properties. The two available are <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/clonidine-hcl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">clonidine<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/kapvay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kapvay<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/guanfacine-hcl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">guanfacine<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/prescription\/intuniv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Intuniv<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">). Kapvay has only been FDA-approved for tthe reatment of ADHD <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/druginfo\/meds\/a682243.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in children and adolescents<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Similarly, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/pi.shirecontent.com\/PI\/PDFs\/Intuniv_USA_ENG.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Intuniv<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is also FDA approved for children and adolescents, but both types of medication are used off-label by adults for the same purpose. \u201cThese are third-choice drugs,\u201d Barkley said, \u201cbecause they lower blood pressure, which, if you already have low blood pressure, is not a good thing.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Alternative adult ADHD treatment\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<h3><b>Accommodations for adults with ADHD<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fourth step of Dr. Barkley\u2019s approach to ADHD treatment is accommodation, which he explains as learning to rearrange the physical environment around you\u2014perhaps with the help of an ADHD coach\u2014so that you\u2019re less impaired by your condition. ADHD coaches are certified by the International Coach Federation and the <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/paaccoaches.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Professional Association for ADHD Coaches<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, who can help with executive function challenges you may face. Other coping mechanisms include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Taking a stress ball into a meeting<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Making space for regular physical activity<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based methods<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Getting adequate sleep<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Brain training for adults with ADHD<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fifth, and final, step is modification of your symptoms, perhaps through a brain training program like Lumosity, or regular meditation. Dr. Barkley stressed that while these are great treatments to pursue, they have the lowest success rate, which is why they\u2019re listed last.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More than anything, don\u2019t try to negotiate this journey to diagnosis alone. Finding the right team to support you, from healthcare professionals and fellow adults with ADHD to loved ones and family members, will go a long way in helping you feel less alone and in making the right choices for you.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cEveryone is a little ADD.\u201d Or so the saying goes. If you\u2019ve ever struggled to stay on task at work or complete projects on time, you may have wondered if that\u2019s true. If you weren\u2019t diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD or ADD) as a child, it can be hard to know when distractibility [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":85,"featured_media":6124,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8029],"tags":[15107],"coauthors":[10228],"class_list":["post-6171","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health-education","tag-adhd","wpautop"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.8 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Your guide to adult ADHD medication and treatment<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Adult ADHD can affect success at work and happiness at home. A psychiatry expert explains the basics of adult ADHD medication and treatment options.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/adult-adhd-medication-treatment\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Considering ADHD medication?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Your guide to treatment options for adults\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/adult-adhd-medication-treatment\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Checkup\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/singlecare\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-10-04T12:00:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-09-18T21:27:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Blog_1004_Adult_ADHD_Medication.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Glynis Ratcliffe\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Considering ADHD medication?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Your guide to treatment options for adults\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@SingleCare\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@SingleCare\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Glynis Ratcliffe\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/adult-adhd-medication-treatment\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/adult-adhd-medication-treatment\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Janice Rodden\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.singlecare.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/169a1d8c8b88282cc3b792a394fc3575\"},\"headline\":\"Considering an ADHD medication? 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