{"id":634123,"date":"2025-11-20T09:00:49","date_gmt":"2025-11-20T14:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/?p=634123"},"modified":"2026-02-21T11:27:38","modified_gmt":"2026-02-21T16:27:38","slug":"how-pharmacists-can-prevent-nutrient-deficiencies-from-glp1s","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/how-pharmacists-can-prevent-nutrient-deficiencies-from-glp1s\/","title":{"rendered":"How pharmacists can prevent nutrient deficiencies on GLP-1s"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pharmacists are filling prescriptions for GLP-1 medications like Ozempic and Wegovy more than ever before. Nausea and vomiting are the most common <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/explain-side-effects\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">side effects<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of these medications, and a drop in appetite is expected. After all, they\u2019re often used to curb appetite and reduce caloric intake. However, these effects can sometimes lead to unexpected problems downstream, namely nutrient deficiencies. With so many patients visiting their local pharmacy to pick up their prescription, pharmacists may be the first ones who can spot these potential problems.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"how-glp-1s-affect-nutrition-and-metabolism\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">How GLP-1s affect nutrition and metabolism<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GLP-1 medications can change patients\u2019 eating habits since they can directly cause a smaller appetite. Patients might eat <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC11340591\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">16% to 39%<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> fewer calories each day without even trying. Because they\u2019re reaching less and less for calorie-dense foods and snacks, they\u2019re often seeing the significant weight loss they\u2019re looking for.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While reducing calories can help with weight loss, it could also create potential problems, especially when people eat fewer than <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S089990071730031X?via%3Dihub#bib25\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1,200 calories<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (for women) or 1,800 calories (for men). At these lower levels, patients might not get enough of the vitamins and minerals they need.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The GI side effects of GLP-1 drugs can also come into play. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea might cause a patient to eat even less than they normally would. These side effects can directly prevent the body from getting the nutrition it needs.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"common-nutrient-deficiencies-to-watch-for\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Common nutrient deficiencies to watch for<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GLP-1s may affect various nutrients, including vitamins, macrominerals, and trace minerals. These micronutrients are required for overall health, and a lack of them could cause complications.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Key nutrients that could be <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12062175\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">deficient<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in patients taking GLP-1s include:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Protein: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Protein is important for keeping lean muscle mass, especially during <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/pharmacist-role-in-obesity-management\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">weight loss<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. If patients on GLP-1s are eating less overall, they might consume less protein without realizing it. Many patients might skip protein-rich meals like meat, fish, or legumes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Fiber:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Constipation is one of the most common side effects of GLP-1s, and too little fiber often worsens it. Since patients might eat fewer fruits, vegetables, and grains, their fiber intake can drop.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Electrolytes:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Vomiting or diarrhea can cause patients to lose fluids and electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and magnesium. As a result, they might experience bouts of dizziness, fatigue, or cramping.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>B vitamins: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B vitamins help support metabolism, red blood cell production, and various body functions. People taking GLP-1s might eat less animal protein, dairy, or fortified grains, which could be good sources of B12, B6, and folate.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients trying to avoid fatty foods may also cut back on the fats that help absorb vitamins A, D, E, and K. Low levels can affect bone strength, vision, blood clotting, and the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/how-to-prepare-your-pharmacy-for-cold-and-flu-season\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">immune system<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Iron:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A lower appetite can lead to eating less red meat, chicken, or iron-rich vegetables, which could ultimately cause <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/37328273\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">decreased iron levels<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Pre-menopausal women and those with heavy menstrual cycles may be at a higher risk of lower iron levels.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Zinc: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zinc supports immune function and wound healing. Eating less meat or seafood may lower zinc levels, causing changes in taste or more frequent colds.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><b>Calcium: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When patients reduce their calories, they often eliminate dairy products. However, not getting enough calcium may increase the risk of bone loss.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nutrient deficiencies can cause different signs and symptoms. For example, muscle weakness, fatigue, slow wound healing, hair loss, and brittle nails are all potential signs of a nutrient deficiency. Memory problems, tiredness, or tingling in the hands or feet, in particular, could be indicative of low vitamin B12. That\u2019s why pharmacists may need to be more aware of these signs to ensure patients get the help they need early on.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"supplements-that-pharmacists-can-recommend\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supplements that pharmacists can recommend<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/talk-to-patients-about-supplements\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supplements<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> could be beneficial for preventing deficiencies while on a GLP-1 drug. It\u2019s also a good idea for patients to consult a healthcare provider to get lab work, pinpoint deficiencies if they\u2019re showing signs or symptoms, and get the right treatment.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supplements should typically come second to eating a balanced diet. If possible, try emphasizing getting these nutrients from their diet, but supplementation can be helpful when diet isn\u2019t the only solution.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"daily-multivitamin\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daily multivitamin<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A daily multivitamin could act as a safety net for many patients on GLP-1s, especially during the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/pharmacists-glp-1-adherence\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">first few months<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> when eating habits can change the most. Recommend quality brands with third-party verification. For example, USP-verified or NSF-certified products typically meet higher standards for purity and potency.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\t\t<div class=\"singlecare-dynamic-newsletter-wrapper sin-newsletter-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"heading\">Get our weight management newsletter<\/span>\n\t\t\t<form class=\"form-wrapper\" data-newsletter-form=\"1\" data-subsource=\"Weight Management Newsletter\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"input-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"dynamic-email\">Email<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"email\" id=\"dynamic-email\" class=\"email\" required>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"input-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<input class=\"submit-form-btn\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Click to sign up\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t<p class=\"success-message\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"protein-powders\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Protein powders<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many patients might not get enough protein while using a GLP-1 drug. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/is-protein-powder-good-for-you\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Protein supplements<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can help patients meet their daily intake recommendations of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2667368125000531\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">around 1.2 to 2 g\/kg per day<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Recommend whey or plant protein supplements, depending on the patient\u2019s dietary preferences. In addition, taking 5 g per day of creatine may help with maintaining muscle mass and strength.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"specific-vitamins-or-minerals\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Specific vitamins or minerals<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/vitamin-d-patient-education\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vitamin D<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and calcium are key nutrients that many patients may be lacking, even if they\u2019re not on a GLP-1. For example, people with obesity are <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/obr.12239\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">about 35%<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> more likely to have low vitamin D levels than others. Pharmacists might also want to recommend a vitamin B12 supplement, especially for certain patients who are eating less meat, such as vegetarians and vegans.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"digestive-health-supplements\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Digestive health supplements<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many patients on GLP-1s might not be getting enough fiber, which could worsen constipation, a common side effect of GLP-1s. Soluble fiber supplements like psyllium husk may help alleviate constipation. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/counseling-patients-on-probiotics\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Probiotics<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> might also help since they can support regular bowel movements.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"counseling-tips-for-pharmacists\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Counseling tips for pharmacists<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pharmacists are often the go-to for medical advice for many patients who come to pick up their <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/expanding-use-glp-1s\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GLP-1 prescriptions<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. If it\u2019s their first time, they may be both excited and nervous about taking their medication correctly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are some potential counseling points to remember:<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Reinforce the dosage instructions: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Remind patients to follow their prescribed dosing schedule and not to increase or skip doses on their own.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Set their expectations: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tell patients that nausea and a reduced appetite are common at the start of treatment but usually improve over time. Small, frequent meals and avoiding greasy or fried foods may help with the nausea.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Stress hydration:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Many patients underestimate how much water they need, especially with nausea or vomiting. Encourage getting enough water daily or even having electrolyte drinks on hand if GI side effects occur.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u200b\u200b<\/span><b>Recommend nutritious snacks:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Suggest easy, nutrient-dense options like nuts, yogurt, cheese sticks, or protein shakes for when patients don\u2019t feel like eating full meals.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Promote mindful eating:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Advise patients to eat slowly and stop when they feel full. They can also try splitting their large meals into smaller ones to help manage early satiety and reduce nausea.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Watch for dehydration or fatigue:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> If patients report dizziness, dark urine, or tiredness, advise them to drink more fluids and check in with their provider.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Always take note of interactions with patients, especially if they discuss ongoing side effects or start taking supplements. The key is to make every <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/how-to-build-a-pharmacist-patient-relationship\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">counseling interaction<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> count, even if it\u2019s just a minute at the counter.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"when-to-refer-or-follow-up\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When to refer or follow up<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even if pharmacists do everything right on the counseling side, some patients may need extra support beyond the pharmacy counter. Knowing when to refer or follow up can be important for patients\u2019 safety.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consider referring patients if any of the following occur:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GI symptoms persist or worsen, especially beyond the first few weeks<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Weight loss is rapid or excessive<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients show signs of nutrient deficiencies, such as weakness, fatigue, or hair loss<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hypoglycemia occurs, especially in those taking other medications like <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/pharmacists-support-insulin-therapy\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">insulin<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other medications are affected due to poor absorption, such as warfarin, levothyroxine, or contraceptives<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mental health concerns come up, which could indicate depression or an eating disorder<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients ask about stopping treatment<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pharmacists don\u2019t have to solve every problem on the spot, but they can often recognize early warning signs before they become serious. Communicating clearly and making a referral when it\u2019s needed can help ensure patients get the right care at the right time.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"bottom-line\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bottom line<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2667368125000300\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over 20%<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of patients on GLP-1s have nutritional deficiencies, and pharmacists might be the first to notice when a patient needs extra help. These medications can be powerful in managing weight and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.singlecare.com\/blog\/diabetes-support\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">glucose levels<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, but they can also cause changes in appetite and nutrition that shouldn\u2019t be overlooked.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A quick conversation at the counter about hydration, balanced meals, and potential supplementation may prevent bigger problems later on. It\u2019s also important to know when to refer patients to their providers, so they can get the most benefit from treatment while keeping their overall health in focus.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pharmacists are filling prescriptions for GLP-1 medications like Ozempic and Wegovy more than ever before. Nausea and vomiting are the most common side effects of these medications, and a drop in appetite is expected. After all, they\u2019re often used to curb appetite and reduce caloric intake. However, these effects can sometimes lead to unexpected problems [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":135,"featured_media":634284,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9340],"tags":[21067,12752,553,743],"coauthors":[8669],"class_list":["post-634123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-the-checkout","tag-glp-1-drugs","tag-medication-side-effects","tag-nutrition","tag-pharmacies","wpautop"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How pharmacists can prevent nutrient deficiencies from GLP-1s<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"When patients pick up their GLP-1 medication, pharmacists can prevent related nutrient deficiencies by recommending supplements, 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