Vyvanse vs. Ritalin: Differences, similarities, and which is better for you

In this article:

• Main differences
• Conditions treated
• Efficacy
• Coverage and cost
• Side effects
• Interactions
• Warnings
• Switching medications
• FAQs

In this article

• Main differences
• Conditions treated
• Efficacy
• Coverage and cost
• Side effects
• Interactions
• Warnings
• Switching medications
• FAQs

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects millions of children and adults in the U.S. It’s often managed with central nervous system (CNS) stimulant medications, like Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine) and Ritalin (methylphenidate). These medications work differently, may have different costs and side effects, and may be more effective for certain individuals. Here’s a side-by-side comparison to help you better understand each option.

Main differences between Vyvanse vs. Ritalin
	Vyvanse	Ritalin
Drug class	Central nervous system stimulant	Central nervous system stimulant
Brand/generic status	Brand and generic available	Brand and generic available
What is the generic name?	Lisdexamfetamine	Methylphenidate
What form(s) does the drug come in?	Oral capsule and chewable tablet	Immediate-release oral tablet and long-acting oral capsule
What is the standard dosage?	Adults and children: 30 to 70 mg daily	Adults: 10 to 60 mg daily Children: Varies by age and weight
How long is the typical treatment?	Long-term (months to years)	Long-term (months to years)
Age group	6+	6+

What are the main differences between Vyvanse and Ritalin?

Vyvanse is a central nervous system stimulant used in the treatment of ADHD and binge-eating disorder. The exact mechanism as to how Vyvanse treats these disorders is not known. Vyvanse is converted to its active metabolite, dextroamphetamine. Amphetamines stimulate the release of catecholamines, such as norepinephrine and dopamine, into the neuron synapse. These neurotransmitters play a critical role in mood and focus. 

The U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) deems Vyvanse a Schedule II drug, which means it has a high potential for abuse. Therefore, there may be restrictions and guidelines for obtaining Vyvanse, which differ by state. Vyvanse is an oral capsule available in 10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, 40 mg, 50 mg, 60 mg, and 70 mg. It is also available as a chewable tablet.

Ritalin is also a central nervous system stimulant used to treat ADHD and narcolepsy. Like Vyvanse, its exact mechanism is not fully understood. Rather than causing the release of catecholamines, it blocks the reuptake of those neurotransmitters in the neuron synapse. That leaves more available dopamine and norepinephrine, which affects mood and focus.

The DEA also classifies Ritalin as a Schedule II drug due to its abuse potential. It is available in immediate-release tablets in 5 mg, 10 mg, and 20 mg strengths. It is also available in a long-acting capsule formulation (Ritalin LA) in 10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, and 40 mg strengths.

Conditions treated by Vyvanse and Ritalin

Both Vyvanse and Ritalin are approved to treat ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults. Vyvanse is also approved to treat binge-eating disorder, while Ritalin is used to manage narcolepsy. Some healthcare providers may prescribe these medications off-label for other conditions like severe fatigue or depression.

Is Vyvanse or Ritalin more effective?

A 2017 review found that Vyvanse showed greater improvement in ADHD symptoms in children but was more likely than Ritalin to be stopped because of side effects. A 2020 review of ADHD treatment trials in adults did not show a significant difference between medications in symptom improvement or side effects. Effectiveness and side effects often vary by person. What works best for you depends on your medical history, how your body responds to treatment and potential interactions with other medications. Your healthcare provider will work with you to find the safest and most effective treatment.

Coverage and cost comparison of Vyvanse vs. Ritalin

Vyvanse is a prescription medication typically covered by commercial insurance. Some Medicare plans may cover Vyvanse but require prior authorization or have a higher copay. The out-of-pocket price for 30 capsules of brand-name Vyvanse 30 mg can be $570. A coupon from SingleCare can bring the price of generic Vyvanse 30 mg to $75 at select pharmacies.

Ritalin is also a prescription medication typically covered by commercial insurance. Coverage by Medicare plans may vary or require special exceptions. Ritalin typically retails for around $140 per 60 20 mg tablets, but with a coupon from SingleCare, a one-month supply of generic Ritalin may cost as little as $23.

Ritalin LA, approved for children ages 6-12, typically costs $455 for 30 of the 20 mg extended-release capsules. However, with a SingleCare coupon, that cost may be lowered to $57 for a one-month supply of generic Ritalin LA capsules.

	Vyvanse	Ritalin
Typically covered by insurance?	Yes	Yes
Typically covered by Medicare?	Possibly with prior authorization	Possibly with prior authorization
Standard dosage	30 to 70 mg daily	10 – 60 mg divide twice daily, or 20 – 40 mg LA once daily
Typical Medicare copay	Variable	Variable
SingleCare cost	$75-124	$16-26 $57 (LA capsules)

Common side effects of Vyvanse and Ritalin

Since they’re both CNS stimulants, Vyvanse and Ritalin share many side effects. These medications should be taken in the morning to avoid disrupting sleep. 

Common side effects of Vyvanse and Ritalin may include:

• Insomnia
• Decreased appetite
• Weight decrease 
• Abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting
• Irritability and mood changes
• Dry mouth
• Dizziness

This is not a complete list of side effects. Side effects vary by person and age and should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

Drug interactions of Vyvanse and Ritalin

Vyvanse and Ritalin should never be taken with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) due to the risk of a hypertensive crisis. Both can also interact with other classes of medications, including: 

Drug	Drug Class	Interaction Effect
Selegiline Isocarboxazid Phenelzine Linezolid	Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)	Dangerously high blood pressure
Fluoxetine Paroxetine Sertraline Citalopram Escitalopram	Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)	Serotonin syndrome
Venlafaxine Duloxetine Desvenlafaxine	Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)	Serotonin syndrome, high blood pressure
Sumatriptan Rizatriptan Eletriptan Zolmitriptan Naratriptan Frovatriptan	5HT3 Antagonists (Triptans)	Serotonin syndrome, high blood pressure
Desipramine Protriptyline Amitriptyline Nortriptyline	Tricyclic antidepressants	Serotonin syndrome, high blood pressure, dangerous heart rhythms
Lisinopril Ramipril Benazepril Enalapril Quinapril Fosinopril	Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors	High blood pressure
Losartan Irbesartan Valsartan Olmesartan	Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)	High blood pressure
Carvedilol Metoprolol Atenolol Nebivolol	Beta blocker	High blood pressure

Other interactions are possible, including with some herbal supplements such as St. John’s wort. Tell your healthcare provider about all prescription and over-the-counter medications you take, as well as vitamins, herbal treatments, and supplements.

Warnings of Vyvanse and Ritalin

Both drugs have a high potential for abuse and are classified as Schedule II controlled substances. They can increase the risk of heart problems, especially in people with preexisting conditions. They may also worsen psychiatric symptoms or cause new ones. Always follow your provider’s instructions closely and report any new, unusual, or worsening symptoms.

Switching medications

If one form of ADHD treatment isn’t working as well as needed, or if you’re experiencing too many side effects, you and your healthcare provider may consider switching medications. There are a few important aspects of stopping and starting ADHD medications to remember:

• Stimulant medications vary in how long they stay in the body and are effective for symptoms.
• The dose of one medication isn’t the same as the dose of another medication.
• Don’t make dose adjustments or medication changes on your own. 
• You’ll work closely with your healthcare team to find the right medication formulation and dose for you. Your body may take time to adjust to any changes.

Frequently asked questions about Vyvanse vs. Ritalin

Are Vyvanse and Ritalin the same?

No. While both are CNS stimulants used for ADHD, Vyvanse is a prodrug of dextroamphetamine, and Ritalin contains methylphenidate. They work differently in the brain but share many treatment uses and potential adverse effects.

Is Vyvanse or Ritalin better?

Studies have shown varying results for treatment effects and side effects. The best option depends on your needs and how you react to medications.

Can I use Vyvanse or Ritalin while pregnant?

Both are category C drugs and may carry risks during pregnancy. Tell your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or may become pregnant.

Can I use Vyvanse or Ritalin with alcohol?

Alcohol can increase stimulant effects and raise the risk of side effects.

Are there other kinds of treatment for ADHD?

There are other forms of ADHD medications, both stimulant and non-stimulant. Behavioral and lifestyle interventions are also an important part of treatment for many people.

What ADHD medication is comparable to Vyvanse?

Lisdexamfetamine, the active ingredient in Vyvanse and its generic formulations, is converted in the body to dextroamphetamine. Dextroamphetamine is the active ingredient in Adderall formulations. Adderall XR formulations, as well as their generics, typically have a once-daily dosing similar to Vyvanse.