What is Pilocarpine: Uses, Warnings & Interactions

Updated May 14, 2025  •  Published Dec 30, 2020

Pilocarpine overview

BRAND NAMES:

  • Isopto Carpine, Pilocarpine HCl

Generic Names:

  • Pilocarpine Hcl

Uses:

  • Controls pressure inside the eye.

Therapeutic Classes:

  • Direct Acting Miotic

Forms:

  • Ointment, Drop

How it’s taken:

  • Into the eye

What is Pilocarpine used for?

Isopto Carpine comes in the form of an ophthalmic solution and is used to treat glaucoma. It helps to lower high eye pressure caused by glaucoma. Contact your doctor right away if you experience any allergic reactions after using Isopto Carpine, such as itching, redness or peeling skin.

What form(s) does Pilocarpine come in

  • Ointment

  • Drop

What are common Pilocarpine doses?

  • Bottle 15ML of 1%

  • Bottle 15ML of 2%

  • Bottle 15ML of 4%

  • Tablet 5MG

  • Tablet 7.5MG

Common Pilocarpine prescriptions

  • Pilocarpine HCl
    15ml of 1% bottle

  • Pilocarpine HCl
    15ml of 2% bottle

  • Pilocarpine HCl
    15ml of 4% bottle

  • Pilocarpine HCl
    5mg tablet

  • Pilocarpine HCl
    7.5mg tablet

How to take Pilocarpine

  • Use as directed. This medicine should be used only in your eyes.

  • Ophthalmic routeWash your hands with soap and water before and after using this medicine.

  • Ophthalmic routeShake the eye drops well just before each use.

  • Ophthalmic routeLie down or tilt your head back. With your index finger, pull down the lower lid of your eye to form a pocket.

  • Ophthalmic routeTo use the eye drops: Hold the dropper close to your eye with the other hand. Drop the correct number of drops into the pocket made between your lower lid and eyeball. Gently close your eyes. Place your index finger over the inner corner of your eye for 1 minute. Do not rinse or wipe the dropper or allow it to touch anything, including your eye. Put the cap on the bottle right away. Keep the bottle upright when you are not using it.

  • Gel: Ophthalmic routeTo use the ointment: Hold the tip of the tube close to your eye with the other hand. Avoid touching the tip of the tube to your eye or finger. Squeeze a ribbon of ointment into the pocket between your lower lid and eyeball. Close your eyes for 1 to 2 minutes. Wipe the tip with a clean tissue and close the tube tightly. Keep the tube tightly closed when you are not using it. If you still have some gel on your eyelashes when you wake up in the morning, just wash it off with warm water.If you also use eye drops of another medicine, use the drops first. Then wait at least 5 minutes before you apply the gel.

  • Missed dose: Take a dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, wait until then and take a regular dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up for a missed dose.

  • Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light.

  • Gel: Ophthalmic routeTo use the ointment: Hold the tip of the tube close to your eye with the other hand. Avoid touching the tip of the tube to your eye or finger. Squeeze a ribbon of ointment into the pocket between your lower lid and eyeball. Close your eyes for 1 to 2 minutes. Wipe the tip with a clean tissue and close the tube tightly. Keep the tube tightly closed when you are not using it. If you still have some gel on your eyelashes when you wake up in the morning, just wash it off with warm water.If you also use eye drops of another medicine, use the drops first. Then wait at least 5 minutes before you apply the gel.

  • Ophthalmic routeShake the eye drops well just before each use.

  • Ophthalmic routeWash your hands with soap and water before and after using this medicine.

  • Ophthalmic routeLie down or tilt your head back. With your index finger, pull down the lower lid of your eye to form a pocket.

  • Use as directed. This medicine should be used only in your eyes.

  • Missed dose: Take a dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, wait until then and take a regular dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up for a missed dose.

  • Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light.

  • Ophthalmic routeTo use the eye drops: Hold the dropper close to your eye with the other hand. Drop the correct number of drops into the pocket made between your lower lid and eyeball. Gently close your eyes. Place your index finger over the inner corner of your eye for 1 minute. Do not rinse or wipe the dropper or allow it to touch anything, including your eye. Put the cap on the bottle right away. Keep the bottle upright when you are not using it.

What to do if you miss a dose of Pilocarpine

Pilocarpine contraindications

  • This medicine is not right for everyone. Do not use this medicine if you have had an allergic reaction to pilocarpine.

Pilocarpine warnings

  • Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or if you have asthma or problems with your retina.

  • This medicine will cause your pupils to become smaller. This is normal.

  • This medicine may make you have trouble seeing at night or in dim light. Do not drive or do anything else that could be dangerous until you know how this medicine affects you.

  • Keep all medicine out of the reach of children. Never share your medicine with anyone.

Pilocarpine interactions

  • Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or if you have asthma or problems with your retina.

  • This medicine will cause your pupils to become smaller. This is normal.

  • This medicine may make you have trouble seeing at night or in dim light. Do not drive or do anything else that could be dangerous until you know how this medicine affects you.

  • Keep all medicine out of the reach of children. Never share your medicine with anyone.

Pilocarpine side effects

Serious Side Effects

  • Allergic reaction: Itching or hives, swelling in your face or hands, swelling or tingling in your mouth or throat, chest tightness, trouble breathing

  • Severe eye irritation

  • Severe nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea

  • Sweating

Less Serious Side Effects

  • Mild stinging, burning, redness, or watering in your eyes

  • Headache

  • Blurred vision

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