What is Zepbound: Uses, Warnings & Interactions

Medically reviewed by Anne JacobsonMD, MPH
Board-Certified Family Physician
Updated May 14, 2025  •  Published Dec 8, 2023
Fact Checked

Zepbound (tirzepatide) is an injectable GLP-1 agonist, a class of medications used to treat diabetes and weight loss. It is also an FDA-approved treatment for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults with obesity. Zepbound is the formulation of tirzepatide.

Zepbound overview

BRAND NAMES:

  • Zepbound

Generic Names:

  • Tirzepatide

Uses:

  • Manage obesity

  • Manage excess weight in those with chronic medical conditions

  • Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea

Therapeutic Classes:

  • Weight management

Forms:

  • Injectable

How it’s taken:

  • Injected under the skin

What is Zepbound used for?

  • To treat adults with obesity (BMI of 30 or higher) for weight loss and weight-loss maintenance

  • To treat adults who are overweight (BMI of 25 - 30) and who have medical conditions that would benefit from weight loss

  • To treat adults with obesity for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea.

Expert tips for using Zepbound

  • Zepbound (tirzepatide) is used with a healthy diet and exercise program to support weight loss and the maintenance of a healthy weight after weight loss. It is a medical treatment for people who have health conditions or are at risk for health conditions related to excess weight and obesity.

  • Zepbound is a prescription medication that is used under the guidance of a healthcare professional. 

  • Like other medications in its class, Zepbound may have side effects. Some of these may be serious. 

  • Zepbound should not be used by people who have a personal history or family history of medullary thyroid cancer or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 syndrome.

  • To avoid the most common gastrointestinal side effects of Zepbound, it is started at a low dose and increased slowly under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

What form(s) does Zepbound come in

  • Injection pen

    • 2.5 mg/0.5 mL

    • 5 mg/0.5 mL

    • 7.5 mg/0.5 mL

    • 10 mg/0.5 mL

    • 12.5 mg/0.5 mL

    • 15 mg/0.5 mL

What are common Zepbound doses?

  • Starting dose: 2.5 mg injection once a week

  • Standard dose: 5, 10, or 15 mg injection once a week

  • Maximum dose: 15 mg injection once a week

Common Zepbound prescriptions

  • Zepbound
    10mg/0.5ml 0.5ml pen

  • Zepbound
    12.5mg/0.5ml 0.5ml pen

  • Zepbound
    15mg/0.5ml 0.5ml pen

  • Zepbound
    2.5mg/0.5ml 0.5ml pen

  • Zepbound
    5mg/0.5ml 0.5ml pen

  • Zepbound
    7.5mg/0.5ml 0.5ml pen

  • Zepbound
    0.5ml of 10mg/0.5ml vial

  • Zepbound
    0.5ml of 7.5mg/0.5ml vial

How to take Zepbound

  • After starting Zepbound, the dose will be increased every 4 weeks to a standard dose that is right for you.

  • Take only the dose of Zepbound prescribed by your doctor.

  • Zepbound is a clear or slightly yellow liquid. Do not use Zepbound if the liquid is a different color or has particles in it.

  • Your healthcare team will show you how to inject Zepbound. Follow their instructions and refer to the medication guide.

  • Zepbound is injected under the skin on the same day every week.

  • Zepbound may be injected in the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm. Rotate the site of injection with each dose.

  • Zepbound may be taken at any time of day, with or without food.

  • Use a new needle for each injection. Never share needles with others.

  • Store unopened Zepbound pens in the refrigerator in the original carton. Each single-dose pen may be stored at room temperature for up to 21 days.

  • Do not freeze Zepbound.

What to do if you miss a dose of Zepbound

  • If you miss a dose of Zepbound, take the missed dose as soon as you remember.

  • If more than 4 days have passed, skip that dose and take the next dose on the regularly scheduled day.

  • If the regular injection day needs to be changed, make sure there are at least three days between doses.

  • Do not take two doses of Zepbound to make up for a missed dose.

Zepbound contraindications

Zepbound should not be taken by people who:

  • Have a history of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC)  or multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2)

  • Have a family history of these conditions

  • Are allergic to tirzepatide or any of the other components in Zepbound

  • Are pregnant

Zepbound warnings

Zepbound may increase the risk of:

  • Thyroid cancer

  • Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) in people who take insulin or other diabetes medications 

  • Pancreatitis

  • Gallbladder disease

  • Kidney injury

  • Progression of diabetic retinopathy (eye disease)

  • Suicidal thoughts or behaviors

Tell your doctor if you:

  • Are pregnant or may become pregnant

  • Are breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed

  • Have ongoing medical conditions. Especially let them know about current or past:

    • Diabetes and diabetic eye disease

    • Thyroid disease

    • Cancer

    • Pancreas problems 

    • Kidney problems

    • Gallbladder problems

    • Trouble with digestion

    • Depression or other mental health conditions

Keep Zepbound and all medications out of the reach of children.

Zepbound interactions

  • Zepbound should not be taken with other medications that contain tirzepatide or other GLP-1 agonists. These medications include:

  • Monjauro (tirzepatide)

  • Ozempic, Wegovy, or Rybelsus (semaglutide)

  • Trulicity (dulaglutide)

  • Saxenda or Victoza (liraglutide)

  • Bydureon or Byetta (exenatide)

  • People who take insulin and sulfonylurea diabetes medications have a higher risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) when taking Zepbound. The doses of these medications may need to be adjusted as the dose of Zepbound is increased.

  • Birth control pills may not be as effective when taking Zepbound. Because Zepbound may be harmful to a developing fetus, alternative or additional forms of contraception are recommended.

  • Tell your healthcare provider about all prescription and over-the-counter medications you take. That includes vitamins, herbs, and supplements. Some interactions make medications more or less effective.

Zepbound side effects

Serious side effects of Zepbound may include:

  • Thyroid cancer symptoms

    • New lumps or masses in the neck

    • Hoarseness

    • Trouble swallowing

    • Trouble breathing

  • Severe gastrointestinal problems

    • Vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation

    • Abdominal pain

  • Kidney injury

    • Fatigue, nausea, vomiting

    • Less urine or change in urine

  • Gallbladder disease

    • Upper abdominal pain

    • Nausea and vomiting

    • Fever or chills

    • Yellowing of the eyes

    • Clay-colored stools

  • Pancreatitis

    • Upper abdominal pain that may go to the back

    • Nausea and vomiting

  • Low blood sugar

    • Feeling dizzy or lightheaded

    • Feeling weak, anxious, or jittery

    • Confusion, drowsiness, or slurred speech

    • Sweating

    • Headache

  • Progression of diabetic retinopathy

    • Any changes in vision for people with Type 2 diabetes

  • Serious allergic reactions

    • Hives or rash

    • Trouble breathing

    • Swelling of lips, tongue, or neck

  • Change in mood or thoughts of suicide

Less serious and more common side effects of Zepbound include:

  • Indigestion, nausea, and vomiting

  • Constipation or diarrhea

  • Redness or irritation around the injection site

  • Feeling tired

  • Hair loss

  • Heartburn and belching

Get medical attention right away for allergic reactions, severe gastrointestinal symptoms, low blood sugar, thoughts of suicide, or symptoms of pancreatitis, kidney disease, or gallbladder disease.

Even common or mild side effects may become worse or interfere with day-to-day activities. Tell your doctor about side effects that won’t go away or are getting worse.

Sources:

Medically reviewed by Anne JacobsonMD, MPH
Board-Certified Family Physician

Anne Jacobson, MD, MPH, is a board-certified family physician, writer, editor, teacher, and consultant. She is a graduate of University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, and trained at West Suburban Family Medicine in Oak Park, Illinois. She later completed a fellowship in community medicine at PCC Community Wellness and a master's in Public Health at the University of Illinois-Chicago. She lives with her family near Chicago.

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