FAQs about high cholesterol

What is the difference between HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol?

LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol is also known as “bad cholesterol,” because it is associated with atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a fatty buildup in the arteries, which causes the arteries to narrow, and increases the risk for problems like heart attack and stroke. In adults 20 years and older, a healthy LDL level is considered to be 100 mg/dL or less. 

HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol is also known as the “good cholesterol.” HDL helps get some of the LDL cholesterol out of the body. Having higher levels of HDL cholesterol can help reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke. For adults 20 years and older, an HDL of 60 mg/dL or more is considered protective. In men, less than 40 mg/dL is considered low, and in women, less than 50 mg/dL is considered low.

What are the most common medications used to treat high cholesterol?

The most commonly prescribed medications are statins (like atorvastatin, simvastatin, and rosuvastatin), which lower LDL cholesterol and reduce cardiovascular risk. Other options include ezetimibe, PCSK9 inhibitors (like Repatha or Praluent), bile acid sequestrants, and bempedoic acid.

Are cholesterol medications expensive?

It depends. Generic statins (e.g., atorvastatin or simvastatin) are usually inexpensive and widely covered by insurance. PCSK9 inhibitors and newer drugs (like Nexletol) are more expensive, often requiring prior authorization or specialist referral.

Can I stop taking cholesterol medication if my numbers improve?

Typically, no. Cholesterol medications are long-term treatments. Stopping them may cause cholesterol levels to rise again. However, if your lifestyle changes are very successful, your doctor may lower the dose or reassess treatment.