Gingivitis Treatments and Medications

Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gums, an early and reversible phase of gum disease. It often shows up as red, swollen, or bleeding gums and is caused by plaque buildup near the gumline. Gingivitis typically occurs from not brushing or flossing regularly, although smoking, diabetes, pregnancy, a dry mouth, and certain medications can also play a role. Still, gingivitis can be reversed with a deep cleaning and regular brushing and flossing when caught early. If it’s not treated, gingivitis may lead to periodontitis, a serious infection that affects the bone and can cause tooth loss. 

How is gingivitis diagnosed?

A dentist can diagnose gingivitis by examining the gums. In some cases, a dental X-ray may be recommended to check for any bone loss. While early gingivitis doesn’t cause many symptoms, it’s important to see a dental professional if you notice any of the following:

• Bleeding gums after brushing, flossing, or eating

• Swollen, red gums

• Gums that appear to pull away from the teeth

• Bad breath that does not get better with brushing

Cases that have progressed may need to be referred to a periodontist, a specialist in gum disease. If periodontitis is suspected, lab tests may be recommended to detect advanced signs of infection. 

Gingivitis treatment options

Gingivitis can be easily treated by removing plaque and reducing inflammation. The first-line treatment is a professional dental cleaning, followed by daily brushing and flossing at home. If plaque or tartar accumulates along the gumline, or if the condition progresses to periodontitis, a dentist may recommend a deeper cleaning (scaling and root planing). In some cases, antiseptic rinses or antibiotics may be prescribed to control bacterial growth better. 

Types of gingivitis medication

Most treatments for gingivitis focus on brushing, flossing, and a professional cleaning to remove plaque. Prescription treatments may be recommended, including special toothpastes, rinses, and antibiotics if needed. 

Antibacterial toothpastes and mouth rinses

Toothpastes and rinses are available by prescription or over the counter to help fight bacteria and plaque buildup. 

• Stannous fluoride: a common active ingredient in toothpastes such as Parodontax and Crest Gum Detoxify. It works by fighting bacteria to prevent cavities and bacterial growth.

• Chlorhexidine: This prescription antiseptic is available in rinses such as Peridex and Periogard. It’s effective for killing bacteria along the gumline.

• Essential oils: Some rinses like Listerine may contain menthol, eucalyptol, thymol, or methyl salicylate to help treat or prevent gingivitis.

• Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC): This antibacterial ingredient is found in some toothpastes and mouth rinses, such as Crest Pro-Health. Although it is less powerful than chlorhexidine, it can still be a helpful ingredient for managing gingivitis.

• Hydrogen peroxide: This antiseptic agent is sometimes added to toothpastes and rinses to help treat or prevent gingivitis.

• Delmopinol: This ingredient is sold as a rinse in products like GUM PerioShield. It’s classified as a medical device that keeps bacterial growth from forming plaque.

After using many of these products, it’s best to avoid eating, drinking, or brushing for 30 minutes. In any case, it’s important to check the product label instructions.

Topical antibiotics

After scaling and root planing, a dentist may apply antibiotics directly to the affected gums. Arestin (minocycline) works by slowly releasing the antibiotic to control bacteria, especially for severe cases of periodontitis. 

Oral antibiotics

In rare cases, oral antibiotics may be prescribed. For example, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) is a severe form that may need to be treated with oral antibiotics like amoxicillin or metronidazole. Antibiotics like doxycycline may be prescribed for advanced periodontitis. 

Over-the-counter gingivitis medicine

Some over-the-counter products may help control gingivitis if it’s caught early. Antibacterial toothpaste, antiseptic mouth rinse, toothbrushes, and floss are easily found over the counter. That’s because these products are relatively safe when used as directed. If gum bleeding does not improve with these products, it’s important to see a dental healthcare provider for professional treatment.

Save big on your prescriptions

with the free SingleCare app.

4.8 average rating

Text a link to get the app

Send

What is the best medication for gingivitis?